MATH Integrated Math II  - Unit 29: Applications of Polygons and Circles
Area of Polygons

1) What is the difference between a polygon and a “regular” polygon?

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2) Describe an apothem in a regular polygon.

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3) What is the formula for finding the area of a regular polygon? (“A” represents area, “P” represents perimeter, and “a” represents the length of the apothem.)

Area of a Regular Polygon Given the Length of One Side

Refer to the figure and information given below to solve the next four problems. Round the answers to nearest tenth, when necessary, and label all answers appropriately.

4) What is the perimeter of hexagon QRSTUV?

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5) What is (a) the measure of angle TWU, (b) the measure of angle TWX, and (c) the length of segment TX?

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6) Using trigonometry and the information collected in the previous problem, (a) which of the equations shown below can be used to find the apothem and (b) what is the length of the apothem (WX)?

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7) What is the area of hexagon QRSTUV?

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For the next two problems, round the answers to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

8) In a regular decagon, one side has a length of 20 centimeters. (a) What is its perimeter? (b) What is the length of the apothem? (c) What is the area of the regular decagon?

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9) In a regular octagon, one side has a length of 9 centimeters. (a) What is its perimeter? (b) What is the length of the apothem? (c) What is the area of the regular octagon?

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Area of a Regular Polygon Given the Length of the Apothem

Refer to the figure and information given below to solve the next four problems. Round the answers to nearest hundredth, when necessary, and label all answers appropriately.

10) What is (a) the measure of angle EJF and (b) the measure of angle EJK?

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11) Using trigonometry and the information collected in the previous problem, which of the equations shown below can be used to find the length of EK? State the letter of the correct answer.

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12) Using trigonometry and the information collected in the previous problem, what is the length of EK?

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13) What is (a) the length of EF, and (b) the perimeter of octagon ABCDEFGH?

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14) What is the area of octagon ABCDEFGH?

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For the next three problems, round the answers to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

15) In a regular pentagon, the apothem measures 6.2 millimeters. (a) What is the length of one side? (a) What is its perimeter? (c) What is the area of the regular pentagon?

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16) In a square, the apothem measures 18 millimeters. What is the area of the square?

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Area of Circles

Review the derivation of the area formula for a circle in the unit link to “Area of a Circle (Derivation)”, and then fill in the blanks for the next two problems.

17) As the number of sides of an inscribed polygon increases infinitely, the area of the polygon and the area of the circle that is circumscribed about it becomes _____________________.

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18) As the number of sides of a polygon that is inscribed in a circle increases infinitely, its apothem approaches the length of the ___________ of the circle, and the perimeter of the polygon approaches the ___________ of the circle.

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19) What is the formula for determining the area of a circle? State the letter of the correct answer.

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For the next six problems, round the answer to the nearest tenth, if necessary, and label all answers correctly.

20) The basketball court is painted as shown below. What is the total area of the red-painted areas? That is, what is the sum of the areas of the rectangular portion of the free throw areas and the outer circular area of the centrally located jump ball area?

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21) The area of a circle is 3600 square centimeters. What is the length of the radius of the circle?

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22) The circumference of a circle is 40 centimeters, what is its area?

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23) Find the area of a circle with the radius given below. Express the answer in terms of “pi”. State the letter of the correct answer.

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24) Find the area of the shaded region (blue) of the regular hexagon shown below, and then answer the following questions: (a) What is the length of the apothem of the hexagon? (b) What is the area of the hexagon? (c) What is the area of the (white) equilateral triangle that is not shaded? (d) What is the area of the shaded region of the regular hexagon?

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25) In the figure below, a circle is circumscribed about an equilateral triangle. The radius of the circle measures 8 inches and the apothem measures 4 inches. Radius MK bisects angle JKL. Find the area of the shaded region (pink), and then answer the following questions: (a) What is the length of one side of the equilateral triangle? (b) What is the area of the equilateral triangle? (c) What is the area of the circle? (d) What is the area of the shaded region (pink)?

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Geometric Probability

26) Complete the following statement by stating the missing parts of the probability fraction shown below: Postulate 29-A (Length Probability Postulate): If a point on segment QR is chosen at random, and a point P is between points Q and R, then the probability that the point is on segment QP is:

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27) For the number line shown below, answer the following questions: (a) What is the probability that a point chosen at random on segment AF is also on segment BE? (b) What is the probability that a point chosen at random on segment BE is also on segment CD? Express the answers as simplified fractions.

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28) Complete the following statement by stating the missing parts of the probability fraction shown below: Postulate 29-B (Area Probability Postulate): If a point is chosen at random from region J, the probability that the point is in region K, a region within the interior of region J, is the:

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29) A square is inscribed within a square that has a side that measures 16 centimeters. The vertices of the smaller square are located at the midpoints of the sides of the larger square. (a) What is the area of the larger square? (b) What is the area of the smaller square? (c) What is the probability that a point chosen at random is in the shaded area? Express the answer as a simplified fraction.

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30) A square is inscribed within a circle that has a diameter that measures 16 feet. Find the probability that a point chosen at random is in the shaded region of the square as shown below, and then answer the following questions: (a) What is the area of the circle? (b) What is the area of the square? (Hint: Recall the formula for finding the area of a square when the length of the diagonal is given.) (c) What is the probability that a point chosen is in the shaded region of the square? (Express the answer as a percent rounded to the nearest tenth.) (d) What is the probability that a point chosen is within the circle but NOT in the shaded region of the square?

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31) For the figure shown below, find the area of the shaded region (blue), and then answer the following questions: (a) What is the area of the entire circle? (b) The shaded region covers what fractional part of the circle? Express the answer as a simplified fraction. (c) What is the area of the shaded region (blue)?

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32) In the previous problem, what is the probability that a point chosen at random will be in the shaded area? Express the answer to the nearest tenth of a percent.

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33) Find the area of the shaded region in the figure below, and then answer the following questions: (a) What is the area of the entire circle? (b) What is the area of the shaded region? (c) What is the probability that a point chosen at random will be in the shaded area? Express the answer to the nearest tenth of a percent.

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Refer to the “Winning Dollars” wheel shown below to answer the next five questions. The radius of the wheel measures 1 foot. Express the probability answers as simplified fractions and the “odds” answers as simplified ratios.

34) What is (a) the probability of winning $5 and (b) the probability of NOT winning $5?

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35) What are (a) the odds in favor of winning $5 and (b) the odds against winning $5?

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36) What are the odds in favor of winning $2 or $5?

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37) What are the odds against winning $25?

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38) What is (a) the probability of winning some amount of money and (b) the probability of not winning any money?

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Graph Theory

39) Fill in the blanks: A network is a figure consisting of __________ (points) and __________ (paths). The edges join various __________ to one another.

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40) In the network shown below, (a) name a node and (b) name an edge.

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41) Identify each network below by the letters shown above them. (a) Which networks are open? (b) Which networks are closed?

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42) The network shown below is considered to be “incomplete”. How can the network be changed to a “complete” network?

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43) How is the degree of a node in a network determined?

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44) Which of the following is a description of a network that is NOT traceable?

For the next four problems, determine if the network is traceable, and then explain why, or why not, by referencing the degree of the nodes.

45) Is the network traceable? Why or why not?

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46) Is the network traceable? Why or why not?

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47) Is the network traceable? Why or why not?

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48) The network shown below is traceable. Letters have been assigned to each of the nodes. List a sequence of letters that represent the traceability of the network.

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Extended Research: Check with your instructor to see if he/she is interested in awarding extra credit to you for writing a one-page report on the following research topic: In the 1700’s, Leonard Euler was asked to find a traceable path across the seven bridges of Konigsberg, Germany. Research this topic and find out the results. Write a one page report about Euler, these famous bridges, and how this problem contributed to the development of graph theory in mathematics. You may include pictures with the report as long as you cite the websites from which you found them. Include all websites that you used as references for your report.

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