zMath 180  - Unit 25: Slopes and Constant Rates
Consider the graph for points P(–4, –1) and Q(4, 5) on line PQ, and then answer the first ten questions.

1) What is the vertical rise of line PQ?

2) What is the numerator of the slope equation? Assume point P(–4, –1) is the first point and point Q(4, 5) is the second point.

3) What is the horizontal run of line PQ?

4) What is the denominator of the slope equation? Assume point P(–4, –1) is the first point and point Q(4, 5) is the second point.

5) What is the slope of line PQ? State the letter of the correct answer.

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6) The point where the line crosses the y-axis is called the y-intercept. What are the coordinates of the y-intercept (Point R)?

7) Recalculate the slope of the line by using point P and point R and the slope formula. State the letter of the answer that shows the correct calculation of the slope.

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8) True or False. The slope of line PQ can be calculated by using any two points on the line because any pair of points that fall on the line will produce the same slope.

9) Complete the following statement: Slope is the constant rate of change of a line defined by the ratio of the line’s vertical ______ over the line’s horizontal _______.

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10) The form for an equation in slope-intercept form is y = mx + b where “m” represents the slope and “b” represents the y-intercept. The general form for the coordinate of the y-intercept is (0, b). Which equation represents line PQ? (Hint: Refer back to problem 5 and problem 6.)

For the next four problems, graph the given points in a coordinate plane and draw a straight line through the points. Calculate the slope by counting the rise and run. Use the graph paper provided in the content section. Check the answer by substituting the x-values and the y-values of the points in the slope formula.

11) For point A(3, 4) and point B(6, 8) on straight line AB, what is the slope of line AB?

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12) For point C(–2, –4) and point D(3, 5) on straight line CD, what is the slope of line CD?

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13) For point E(0, 0) and point F(–4, 5) on straight line EF, what is the slope of line EF?

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14) For point G(–3, –3) and point H(4, 4) on straight line GH, what is the slope of line GH?

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For the next seven questions, consider the equation, 3x + 2y = 6.

15) Compute the y-intercept by letting x = 0. What is the value of y?

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16) What are the coordinates of the y-intercept?

17) Compute the x-intercept by letting y = 0. What is the value of x?

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18) What are the coordinates of the x-intercept?

19) On graph paper provided in the content section, graph the x-intercept and the y-intercept found in the previous problems and draw a line for the equation 3x + 2y = 6. What is the slope of the line? (Hint: Count the rise / run OR calculate using the slope formula and the coordinates of the intercepts.)

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20) Which equation represents equation 3x + 2y = 6 written in slope-intercept form? (Recall that slope-intercept form is y = mx + b where “m” represents the slope and “b” represents the y-intercept.)

21) The y-intercept is the point where the line crosses the ____________ and the x-intercept is the point where the line crosses the _____________.

Refer to the following scenario to answer the next five questions. Tanya waits tables for customers in her mother’s restaurant. She earns an average $4.00 in tips for each table, and will make about 8 trips to the table for each meal. She makes a chart to show her work and tips for serving 8 to 12 tables. Use the chart to analyze the data and make predictions about Tanya's part-time job.

22) Describe in words the range of money Tanya can earn for serving customers at 8 to 12 tables.

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23) What algebraic phrase represents the range of money Tanya can earn? State the letter of the correct answer.

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24) How many trips will Tanya make for 9 tables?

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25) Write an equation to represent the number of trips Tanya will make based on the number of customer tables.

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26) If the expression “y = 4x” is used to describe a part of the problem, what would it be describing?

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Review

27) Due to slow moving traffic, Allen traveled an average of 35 MPH for 4 hours. The traffic cleared, and then he was able to travel an average of 70 MPH for 4 hours. Allen traveled many more miles at the faster speed than at the slower speed. (a) How many miles did Allen travel at the slower speed? (b) How many miles did Allen travel at the faster speed? (c) Compare the number of miles traveled at the slower speed to the number of miles traveled at the faster speed. The number of miles traveled at the faster speed is how many time greater than the number of miles traveled as the slower speed?

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28) The previous problem is an example of what kind of variation?

29) For the given equation determine if “y” varies directly or indirectly to “x”. Test various values for “x” and make a table to decide if “y” varies directly or indirectly. .

30) Consider the following relation: {(2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), (5, 10)}. What algebraic expression can be written to describe this relation?

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31) For the relation given in the previous problem, predict the next three ordered pairs.

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On graph paper, draw the following trapezoid six times in six different coordinate planes: A(1, 1), B(2, 3), C(5, 3), D(6, 1). Use the illustrations of the six trapezoids to solve the next six problems. (Graph paper is provided in the content section.)

32) Translate trapezoid ABCD right 3 units, and then state the new coordinates.

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33) Translate the original trapezoid ABCD up 5 units, and then state the new coordinates.

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34) Rotate the original trapezoid ABCD 180 degrees about the origin, and then write the new coordinates.

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35) Rotate the original trapezoid ABCD 360 degrees and write the new coordinates.

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36) Reflect the original trapezoid ABCD over the x-axis and write the new coordinates.

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37) Reflect the original trapezoid ABCD over the y-axis and write the new coordinates.

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38) Find the surface area of a rectangular prism that measures 12 centimeters by 15 centimeters by 11 centimeters.

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39) Find the surface area of a regular triangular prism where the base edge is 10 centimeters in length, the height of base triangle is 8.7 centimeters, and the height of prism is 12 centimeters. (Recall that in a REGULAR triangular prism, all sides of the triangular base are equal in measure.)

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40) Find the volume of a square prism that has a base area of 64 square centimeters and the height of the prism is 9 centimeters.

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41) Find the volume of a cylinder that has a base area of 24.5 square centimeters and the height of the cylinder is 20 centimeters.

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42) What solid shape is represented by this net?

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43) Using only the numbers 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7 to fill in the single-digit boxes to make fractions, which combination gives a sum closest to one? State the letter of the correct answer. .

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44) You and a friend are each driving a car in opposite directions. You both leave your house at the same time. If you are traveling at “a” miles an hour and your friend is traveling at “b” miles an hours, make up a formula to show how far apart the two cars are after 5 hours. Let “Y” represent the total distance. Refer to the given diagram for help in visualizing the problem and writing the complete formula. (Hint: d = rt)

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